Mr Moses, who had been a Presbyterian pastor, was sworn in Thursday afternoon by Chief Justice Vincent Lunabek as Vanuatu's ninth president.
He was one of 16 people put forward for the role, and emerged Thursday morning with the two-thirds support needed to become president.
RNZI reports his final tally was 39, with Maxim Carlot Korman in second place with 17.
The media director of the Vanuatu Daily Post Dan McGarry was at parliament Thursday morning for the vote.
He said Mr Moses was seen as one to uphold the last president's legacy.