The ministry accused Miranda's police of human rights violations and involvement in criminal networks.
The state, governed by the opposition leader Henrique Capriles, has seen some of the biggest protests against the government of President Nicolas Maduro.
Mr Capriles said the ministry's intervention was a political attack on the state.
He said the ministry was now in charge of all police activities there.
"It's clear they'll try to use the police against the people," he said.
